According to the discussion of domestic scholars on county talents, we know that the researches concerning county human resources mainly focus on discussing the problems such as the total amount, distribution, quality and introduction of county talents though the analysis of coordination between talents and county economic development, and the research of relationship between industry adjustment and talents need. However, there have no relevant documents about the analysis and discussion of county talents problems based on system schema theory. In view of this reality, on the basis of the introduction of the system schema theory propounded by management guru Peter Senge, we conduct the feedback schema analysis of the restricted factors of talents shortages during county economic development; establish the growth limits schema of county talents system; analyze the functioning mechanism of the total amount, distribution, quality and introduction of county talents on the development of county economy; discuss the relationship between the individual quality, social relation and emotional need of returning-home start-up, and talents resource shortage; propose the countermeasures and suggestions to mitigate the shortage of county talents, in order to optimize the allocation of county human resources, and promote the county's economic development.