America’s forests provide many benefits and services, including clean water, recreation, wildlife habitat, sequestering carbon, and a variety of forest products. Most of our forests appear healthy and green; however, they face many threats to forest health and long-term sustainability. In the West, outbreaks of native pests have killed trees on millions of acres, fires are burning larger areas than in the past, and severe droughts have led to additional stress on forest ecosystems. In the East, invasive forest pests have changed the structure and composition of some forests and, in numerous locations, increasing human development has led to fragmentation. Many of these threats may be exacerbated by a changing climate.