The main objective of this Research Report is to overview the environmental, economic and social condition of the Nam Mouane – Nam Gnouang catchment. This Research Report identifies threats to forest wildlife and forest cover arising from current management practices and suggests possible management actions to achieve environmental improvements. These include reducing the expansion of shifting cultivation into undisturbed forests by improving agricultural productivity of slash-and-burned; reducing poaching/ hunting of forest wildlife through increased patrolling and the collection of snares.