Since the reform and opening up, China's market-oriented agricultural management reform has achieved remarkable results, but the reform has not yet been put in place, and there are some flaws in some areas of reform. To deepen the reform of government's agricultural management reform under the new situation, it is necessary to further define the boundary between government and market on the basis of following the general rules of world's agricultural development and considering China's special situation of agriculture, nail down the scope of government functions, pinpoint the key areas of reform, and actively promote the rapid development of China's characteristic modern agriculture.