We built simplified models of integral indicators for the level of development of the financial system and for agricultural growth using the principles of "moderate middle way". We then used these models to compare the levels of financial system development, economic and agricultural growth, and trends of financial development and agricultural growth, in Poland and Ukraine. We used the integral indicators and econometric methodologies to assess the relationship between financial development and agricultural growth in both countries. The results of the study revealed the absence of a statistical relationship between integral indicators of financial system development and agricultural growth in Poland and Ukraine. We can ascertain the presence of arguments regarding the existence of the impact of the banking component of the financial system on agriculture in these countries. The regression models showed significant directly proportional relationships between certain aspects of agriculture and some components of the banking sector (resources and effectiveness).