Agri-environmental schemes (AES) in irrigated olive groves (IOG) in southern Spain are assessed using a double analysis from the supply and demand side. Regarding the supply-side analysis, a choice experiment is used to assess farmers’ preferences toward AES, including some innovative issues, such as uptake in irrigated permanent crops, ecological focus areas and collective participation. With regard to the demand-side analysis, secondary sources of information are used to explore gains obtained from the implementation of such schemes in IOG. Results indicate that only the implementation of the most stringent AES scenarios could provide positive net social welfare gains and a priori only these scenarios should be considered for implementation by policy-makers. However, the implementation of these most stringent AES would only result in very low net social welfare gains. Further research is required to provide more accurate estimates of such gains and replicate this assessment in other agricultural systems.