The data of this paper mainly include statistics, field survey data and MODIS remote sensing image data. This paper estimates the aboveground biomass of grassland and theoretical livestock carrying capacity of natural grassland in Hangjin Banner and draws a grass-livestock balance table in accordance with the actual and theoretical livestock carrying capacity of natural grassland. Studies have shown that the grass and livestock balance is good in Hangjin Banner, and the overloading rate is 1.5%; there was no overloading in 2010 and 2011.