One of the priority European Union objectives are activities to reduce the climate change. Its implementation requires the creation of a low carbon economy. The main instrument for this purpose is the climate and energy policy, which is based on reducing greenhouse gas emissions while ensuring energy security. In practice, the measures aimed at reducing the amount of these substances entering the air also apply to other sectors, including agriculture. The current international obligations cause that in Polish agriculture, climate change is almost imperceptible. However, the first information on the direction and scale of the activities undertaken after 2020 bid to revise this approach. The purpose of this article is to identify the main problems related to the topic of climate and energy policy of the EU, in particular regarding the Polish agriculture. The analysis was carried out on the basis of Community documents and literature.