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Abstract

The establishment of protected areas has often been a top-down process, based on elitist concepts of land use and surrounded by restrictive legislation. Many protected areas and buffer zones in Bolivia, as in other countries, exist only on paper. The objectives and guidelines for their establishment are either not viable or unclear, resulting in management plans being overly simplistic or non-existent. In this study the various problems associated with the implementation/non-implementation of protected areas and buffer zone are considered from a systemic perspective. The paper outlines the application of soft systems methods to approach a complex problematic situation and presents preliminary results for protected areas in Bolivia.

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