The agricultural economy in Anhui Province is developing so fast, but farmers are severely affected by the frequent occurrence of natural disasters. The current agricultural insurance mode is not suitable, therefore, the research on agricultural insurance modes of Anhui Province helps to promote the steady development of the agricultural production. Starting from situation of agricultural insurance in Anhui Province, learning from both experience of foreign country and the latest successful domestic modes, we try to put forward agricultural insurance mode framework which is suitable for Anhui Province. Based on the actual situation of Anhui Province, it is necessary to adopt the mode of government leading combined with agricultural mutual aid rather than copy the existing mode.