Education is widely recognized as the most important form of human capital, and health as the second most important form. The primary focus is on schooling where private and social real rates of return remain high in low and middle income countries for elementary and secondary schooling. The paper reviews broad effects of education in agriculture, and examines some of the prospects and potential for the future. Conclusions include: (i) schooling cannot be viewed as unconditionally productive in agriculture. It s impact is conditioned by the price and technology environment and options for off-farm work and migration. (ii) With rapid advances and fall prices of communication and information technologies, farm people of the future will need strong basic schooling to adopt and use these technologies so as to participate successfully in the new global information system of the 21st century. The structure of agriculture seems likely to change dramatically during the first 25 years, and a new set of adjustments for farm families can be expected.