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Abstract
An internal solution to an optimal control problem involving conjunctive-use of surface and groundwater may be inapplicable
if water is not sufficiently fungible across space and time. We provide a more general solution and apply it to the problem of
allocating a limited amount of water from the Ko'olau mountains to two Oahu water districts separated by those mountains.
The solution involves initially allocating all of the mountain water to the district supplied by groundwater but eventually
allocating all of the water to the district supplied by surface water. The conditions for an internal solution hold only in the
intervening years when some mountain water is allocated to each district. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.