The nature of farmer cooperative economy organization (known as FCEO) determines the fact that the economic effects of farmer cooperative economy organization are as important as its social effects. Many experts, however, now would only focus on its economic function, and either neglect or weaken its social influence. Therefore, this paper introduces the theoretical foundation of the farmer cooperative economy organization, and studies the nature of cooperative economics. Based on those typical cases, the future of cooperative organization and four supporting elements were put forward in this paper.