This study focuses on the challenge of developing fertilizer best management practices (BMPs) for agricultural producers that would both optimize the crop production and minimize water quality impacts from agricultural operations. The overall objective is to develop recommendations to improve BMP development process by allowing for a more comprehensive consideration of production and marketing risks affecting farmers’ production choices. Specifically, we use linear stochastic plateau production function to evaluate risks associated with the alternative levels of fertilizer application and prices for Florida potato production. Such analysis helps us to determine under what conditions alternative fertilizer BMP recommendations can be too restrictive, and how likely these conditions to occur. The results of the study are summarized in the form of recommendations for BMP development process in Florida and other states that use BMP as the primary tool to address nutrient water quality issues in agricultural areas.