The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of climate change and international trade on crop biodiversity in West Africa countries. For several years the problem of food security arising in these countries. Climate change (temperature, rainfall), international trade through trade policies that stimulate trade flow, lead to high conversion of land allocated to the production of food for the benefit of agricultural raw materials. This study focuses on the West Africa countries. We use data from FAO, WDI, UNCTAD, CRU data and GPPC database to estimate the impact of climate change and international trade on crop biodiversity through an econometric regression using dynamic panel data. The results find evidence that climate change and trade influence negatively crop diversity. Also find evidence that irrigation and fertilizers use are best way for conservation of crop diversity.