Money is broadly defined to include M2 plus large denomination time deposits and deposits in savings institutions. Splitting M2+ into two components, M1 and the remainder, MD, each was found to bear a stable relationship to GDP over the 1929-94 period. An economic test of the causality question reveals that it runs from money to economic activity. Lastly, the evidence attests to the short-run non-neutrality of money on unemployment, and to the stabilizing influence of the private sector on the economy.