The features of ageing, low educational level and female domination on the part of agricultural labor forces, determine that the sustainable development of agriculture can not rely entirely on farmers, who are engaged in dispersed planting and small-scale operation, therefore, improving agricultural investment environment, and taking positive measures to promote diversification of the main body of agricultural investment, is the key to the healthy development of agriculture. From four aspects (the industrial base of agriculture, arable land resource conditions, capital investment capacity, input of means of production), this article establishes evaluation indicator system of agricultural investment environment in Shaanxi Province, and based on this, make recommendations for improvement of agricultural investment environment in Shaanxi.