According to the relevant data of farmers’ net income from the Hebei Statistical Yearbook 2009, seven indicators are selected covering regional gross production , the total output of the primary industry , the number of the people employed and the number of the large livestock at the end of year and so on, to analyze the factors that affect the per capita net income of farmers. The results show that the regional gross production is in positive proportion to the total output value of the primary industry and the influneces are great; the total output value of the non-agricultural industry and the local financial expenditure are the important factors that affect the income of farmers; though the total value of rural residents’ fixed investment is in positive proportion to the income of farmers, the degree is not so great; the regression coefficient of the number of people employed and the number of the large livestock at the end of year is negative and the number of people employed is a positive correlation to the net income of farmers. Based on the above analysis, the countermeasures on improving the income of rural residents are put forward: firstly, optimizing the rural indutrial structure, promoting the developement of the primary industry and improving the regional total output of production; secondly, Expanding the development channel of non-agricutlural economic and attracking the rural surplus laborers; thirdly, enlarging the local financial expenses and Expanding the developmental space of the three agricultural issues concerning peasants, countryside and agriculture.